Abstract <p>The features of the morphological organization of sod-podzolic soils are considered based on the example of age-diverse fallow lands under various ecological and genetic conditions. Separate phases of transformation of the soil material of the former arable horizon, associated with the stages of overgrowth of fallow lands, are identified. Attention is paid to the resistance of sod-podzolic soils to agropedoturbation, on the one hand, and to the action of zonal factors of soil formation in the postagrogenic period, on the other, depending on the degree of soil cultivation in the previous time. It is shown that the upper part of the profile shows traces of the effects of podzolization and eluvial-gley processes by the age of 20‒30 years, which are reflected in the specific features of the structure of the soil stratum: the appearance of interlayers and spots of podzolized material with characteristic horizontal layering, the appearance of humus nodules and ferruginous–manganese compounds, and lightening of the entire material of the former arable horizon.</p>