Application of Various Fertilizers to Increase the Yield of Corn in Stavropol Krai

In 2021–2023, on the experimental field of the All-Russian Corn Research Institute in the zone of sufficient moisture of Stavropol krai, the effectiveness of pre-sowing treatment of soil with ammonium nitrate (N30) and nitroammophoska (N30P30K30) has been compared with foliar fertilization of corn plants in the eight-leaf phase with the Batr Zinc fertilizer (1.0 L/ha). On average, over 3 years, the height increase of the Mashuk 220 MV hybrid plants associated with application of ammonium nitrate, nitroammophoska, and the Batr Zinc fertilizer is 12, 17, and 16 cm, respectively. The height increase of the Mashuk 355 MV hybrid plans associated with application of these fertilizers is 19, 23, and 23 cm, respectively. Also, application of these fertilizers provides an increase in the green mass yield: on average for 3 years, the green mass yield of the Mashuk 220 MV hybrid increases for 5.0, 6.7, and 6.0 t/ha, respectively, for the applied fertilizers, and for the Mashuk 355 MV hybrid, for 4.1, 7.0, and 6.8 t/ha, respectively. Fertilizers increases grain yields annually. The average grain yield increase of the Mashuk 220 MV hybrid associated with application of ammonium nitrate, nitroammophoska, and the Batr Zinc fertilizer is 0.64, 0.40, and 0.63 t/ha. The grain yield of the Mashuk 355 MV hybrid resulting from the treatment with these fertilizers increases by 0.71, 0.81, and 0.74 t/ha, respectively. The cost of using ammonium nitrate and nitroammophoska as fertilizers was 2566.96 and 8001.87 rubles/ha, respectively. The cost of foliar fertilization of corn plants with the Batr Zinc fertilizer is to 1030.69 rubles/ha. The cost of application of nitroammophoska did not pay off with an increase in grain yield. Foliar fertilization of the Mashuk 220 MV hybrid and the Mashuk 355 MV hybrid plants with the Batr Zinc fertilizer for every 1 ruble of expenses yielded an income of 6.33 and 7.62 rubles, respectively, which is 3.2–3.3 times more than in the variant with application of ammonium nitrate into the soil.