New High-Pressure Polymorphs of Magnetite, Ilmenite, Olivine, Pyroxenes, and Feldspar

New high-pressure (HP) minerals of impact meteorites can be considered as possible components of deep geospheres. This paper characterizes the structural peculiarities of recently discovered minerals of this genetic type, which are of geophysical interest. Special attention is paid to new data on structural transformations of (Fe,Ti)-oxides with structures of ilmenite and post-spinel phases, HP polymorphs of magnetite, olivine, pyroxenes, and feldspars in deep Earth layers. The structures and composition of new HP minerals from impact zones, meteorites, and diamond inclusions bear information on the complex petrology of deep geospheres, which can be unraveled in laboratory experiments, as well as allowing prediction of their role as possible transporters of large cations in the Earth’s mantle, which affects the thermal regime of the Earth’s interiors.