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Abstract <p>This study employs a holographic approach to investigate the physical characteristics of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) near its phase transitions. We focus on two primary transitions: the confinement/deconfinement transition, identified by a shift in the quark potential from Coulomb to linear behavior, and a first-order phase transition (FOPT), characterized by discontinuities in the equation of state (EoS). The analysis is restricted to light quarks, with masses <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(m_{q}\lesssim\Lambda_{QCD}\approx 200\)</EquationSource> <!--BPhysMGU2570277Arefeva-m1--> </InlineEquation> MeV. Our results demonstrate that while EoS parameters—such as energy density, pressure, entropy, heat capacity, and speed of sound—evolve smoothly near the confinement transition, all but the pressure exhibit sharp jumps at the FOPT. The magnitude of these discontinuities is shown to depend on both chemical potential and an external magnetic field strength. We also briefly mention the use of the running coupling behavior, energy losses, and jet quenching as potential indicators for locating the FOPT.</p>

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Phase Diagram Structure of QCD under Critical Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • I. Ya. Aref’eva

摘要

Abstract

This study employs a holographic approach to investigate the physical characteristics of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) near its phase transitions. We focus on two primary transitions: the confinement/deconfinement transition, identified by a shift in the quark potential from Coulomb to linear behavior, and a first-order phase transition (FOPT), characterized by discontinuities in the equation of state (EoS). The analysis is restricted to light quarks, with masses \(m_{q}\lesssim\Lambda_{QCD}\approx 200\) MeV. Our results demonstrate that while EoS parameters—such as energy density, pressure, entropy, heat capacity, and speed of sound—evolve smoothly near the confinement transition, all but the pressure exhibit sharp jumps at the FOPT. The magnitude of these discontinuities is shown to depend on both chemical potential and an external magnetic field strength. We also briefly mention the use of the running coupling behavior, energy losses, and jet quenching as potential indicators for locating the FOPT.