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Abstract <p>The paper analyzes the thermodynamic properties of a special state of charged black holes, in which the event horizon becomes pointlike and coincides with the singularity. It is shown that for such states, called black points, in contrast to Reissner–Nordström black holes, the third law of thermodynamics in Planck’s formulation is fulfilled. It is also shown that the formation of a black point is not a first-order phase transition. Considerable attention is paid to the special state of a black point with a doubly degenerate horizon, similar to the extreme state of a Reissner–Nordström black hole.</p>

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Thermodynamics of Charged Black Points in Vacuum Nonlinear Electrodynamics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • V. A. Sokolov

摘要

Abstract

The paper analyzes the thermodynamic properties of a special state of charged black holes, in which the event horizon becomes pointlike and coincides with the singularity. It is shown that for such states, called black points, in contrast to Reissner–Nordström black holes, the third law of thermodynamics in Planck’s formulation is fulfilled. It is also shown that the formation of a black point is not a first-order phase transition. Considerable attention is paid to the special state of a black point with a doubly degenerate horizon, similar to the extreme state of a Reissner–Nordström black hole.