Abstract <p>The characteristics of the Zeeman ring laser (ZRL) have been investigated theoretically and experimentally under conditions of two- and three-frequency generation. The influence of the running wave, excited at the third frequency, on the frequency bias and the intensities of counterpropagating waves is examined. A comparison of experimentally measured characteristics with calculations based on vector theory has been conducted. It has been found that when a running wave is excited in a neighbouring longitudinal mode, kinks appear in the dependence of counterpropagating wave intensities on the detuning of the generation frequency from the gain-line center. It is shown that excitation at the third frequency results in a stronger dependence of the frequency bias on the detuning from the gain-line center compared to the two-frequency generation regime. Based on the comparison of theory with experiment, it is demonstrated that among the known values of the isotopic shift between Ne<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11972_2025_8781_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({}^{20}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation> and Ne<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11972_2025_8781_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({}^{22}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation> at a wavelength of 0.63 <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11972_2025_8781_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation>m reported in the literature, the value <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11972_2025_8781_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="65" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma=1050\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation> MHz leads to results that do not agree with the experiment, allowing for a refinement of the parameter <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11972_2025_8781_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation>.</p>

Amplitude Characteristics and Frequency Bias in a Zeeman Ring Laser under Three-Frequency Running Wave Excitation

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发表日期：

2025年4月1日

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M. E. Grushin,
E. G. Lariontsev,
I. I. Savel’ev,
E. V. Soukhov

摘要

Abstract

The characteristics of the Zeeman ring laser (ZRL) have been investigated theoretically and experimentally under conditions of two- and three-frequency generation. The influence of the running wave, excited at the third frequency, on the frequency bias and the intensities of counterpropagating waves is examined. A comparison of experimentally measured characteristics with calculations based on vector theory has been conducted. It has been found that when a running wave is excited in a neighbouring longitudinal mode, kinks appear in the dependence of counterpropagating wave intensities on the detuning of the generation frequency from the gain-line center. It is shown that excitation at the third frequency results in a stronger dependence of the frequency bias on the detuning from the gain-line center compared to the two-frequency generation regime. Based on the comparison of theory with experiment, it is demonstrated that among the known values of the isotopic shift between Ne \({}^{20}\) and Ne \({}^{22}\) at a wavelength of 0.63 \(\mu\) m reported in the literature, the value \(\sigma=1050\) MHz leads to results that do not agree with the experiment, allowing for a refinement of the parameter \(\sigma\) .