<p>Recycled brick-concrete aggregates (RBCA) represent an environmentally sustainable building material derived from the processing of construction and demolition waste (CDW). In this paper, five confined RBCA hollow block masonry walls were designed. The seismic behavior of the walls under different vertical compressive stress, number of core columns, mortar strength, and aspect ratios was evaluated through horizontal low cycle loading test. The analysis focused on the failure modes, bearing capacity, stiffness degradation, ductility, energy dissipation, and overall deformation of the masonry walls. Test results indicated that the bearing capacity increased with higher vertical compressive stress, and the damage zone and ductility changed significantly. The number of core columns provided the most significant enhancement in the bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity. Lower mortar strength resulted in a weaker bond between the blocks, leading to a decline in seismic performance. Increasing the aspect ratio enhanced the proportion of bending deformation, while significantly improving energy dissipation capacity. The shear bearing capacity formula of confined RBCA masonry walls was proposed, and the calculated results demonstrated strong agreement with the test results. Additionally, a finite element model (FEM) was developed to further analyze the effects of various parameters on the seismic performance of the masonry wall. The results of the study have demonstrated that the confined RBCA hollow block masonry walls exhibited seismic performance similar to that of traditional masonry walls. It is feasible to use the RBCA in masonry wall and provides a method for the sustainable development of masonry structures.</p>