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<p>This paper investigates the structural performance of reinforced concrete beams incorporating bauxite residue (BR) as a partial replacement for cement, with a specific focus on the flexural and shear behaviour. First, portland cement in a reference concrete mixture was replaced with 0% (reference) to 25% bauxite residue and compressive strength was determined at 7, 28 and 790&#xa0;days. Three series of three reinforced-concrete beams made with selected concrete mixtures (one 1 reference and two with bauxite residue) were tested under four-point loading. The results show that increasing the bauxite residue content reduces concrete compressive strength. Compressive tests were carried out after more than two years (790&#xa0;days) for cylinders stored in hermetically sealed container and results showed a decrease in compressive strength for all the concrete mixtures. This reduction becomes more pronounced with higher BR content. Then, the flexural and shear behaviours of beams were investigated and compared with those made using the reference portland cement mix. Shear-critical beams with bauxite residue exhibited a lower shear capacity compared to the beams without bauxite residue. For beams without shear reinforcement, shear resistance primarily depends on the concrete mechanical strength, through tensile strength and aggregate interlock for slender beams. For the concrete used in beams of this project, increasing the proportion of cement replaced with BR leads to a decrease in compressive strength, which in turn reduces the shear carrying capacity of beams. Finally, the load-carrying capacity obtained for the tested reinforced concrete beams was compared with the nominal capacity predicted using standards CSA A23.3 (2019), and the fib model code 2010 (International Federation for Structural Concrete, 2013), and ACI-318–19(22) (2019). The results show that the different calculation methods can be used to predict the capacity of reinforced concrete beams with BR. The bias is attributable to the calculation model itself rather than to the presence of BR.</p>

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Flexural and shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams incorporating bauxite residue

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • E. Garneau,
  • M. Fiset,
  • J.-B. Darveau,
  • G. Simard

摘要

This paper investigates the structural performance of reinforced concrete beams incorporating bauxite residue (BR) as a partial replacement for cement, with a specific focus on the flexural and shear behaviour. First, portland cement in a reference concrete mixture was replaced with 0% (reference) to 25% bauxite residue and compressive strength was determined at 7, 28 and 790 days. Three series of three reinforced-concrete beams made with selected concrete mixtures (one 1 reference and two with bauxite residue) were tested under four-point loading. The results show that increasing the bauxite residue content reduces concrete compressive strength. Compressive tests were carried out after more than two years (790 days) for cylinders stored in hermetically sealed container and results showed a decrease in compressive strength for all the concrete mixtures. This reduction becomes more pronounced with higher BR content. Then, the flexural and shear behaviours of beams were investigated and compared with those made using the reference portland cement mix. Shear-critical beams with bauxite residue exhibited a lower shear capacity compared to the beams without bauxite residue. For beams without shear reinforcement, shear resistance primarily depends on the concrete mechanical strength, through tensile strength and aggregate interlock for slender beams. For the concrete used in beams of this project, increasing the proportion of cement replaced with BR leads to a decrease in compressive strength, which in turn reduces the shear carrying capacity of beams. Finally, the load-carrying capacity obtained for the tested reinforced concrete beams was compared with the nominal capacity predicted using standards CSA A23.3 (2019), and the fib model code 2010 (International Federation for Structural Concrete, 2013), and ACI-318–19(22) (2019). The results show that the different calculation methods can be used to predict the capacity of reinforced concrete beams with BR. The bias is attributable to the calculation model itself rather than to the presence of BR.