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<p>This study focuses on the use of seashell wastes as sand on the design of pervious concrete paving blocks by combining alkali activation and vibro-compaction. This work integrates three sustainability levers simultaneously: (i) the valorisation of seashell wastes as a complete replacement for natural sand, (ii) the synergistic use of fly ash and coal mining tailings as alkali-activated precursors, and (iii) the application of accelerated carbonation as a curing strategy for strength enhancement and CO<sub>2</sub> capture. Results reveal that carbonated paving blocks with 100% seashell sand exhibited remarkable performance gains, with compressive and splitting tensile strengths improved by 27% and 60%, respectively, compared to uncarbonated mixes. Moreover, splitting strength values at only 3 and 7&#xa0;days of carbonation surpassed the EN 1338 standard threshold (2.5&#xa0;MPa), underscoring the rapid development of mechanical performance. Beyond mechanical enhancement, carbonation curing also improved abrasion and skid resistance. This research makes a significant contribution to the field of sustainable pavements, creating new prospects for circular economy approaches that integrate marine waste recycling with carbon capture.</p>

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CO2-cured alkali-activated pervious paving blocks incorporating seashell sand

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月23日

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  • Ágata González-Caro,
  • Ghandy Lamaa,
  • Rui Vasco Silva,
  • Jorge de Brito,
  • José Ramón Jiménez,
  • José María Fernández-Rodríguez,
  • Antonio Manuel Merino-Lechuga

摘要

This study focuses on the use of seashell wastes as sand on the design of pervious concrete paving blocks by combining alkali activation and vibro-compaction. This work integrates three sustainability levers simultaneously: (i) the valorisation of seashell wastes as a complete replacement for natural sand, (ii) the synergistic use of fly ash and coal mining tailings as alkali-activated precursors, and (iii) the application of accelerated carbonation as a curing strategy for strength enhancement and CO2 capture. Results reveal that carbonated paving blocks with 100% seashell sand exhibited remarkable performance gains, with compressive and splitting tensile strengths improved by 27% and 60%, respectively, compared to uncarbonated mixes. Moreover, splitting strength values at only 3 and 7 days of carbonation surpassed the EN 1338 standard threshold (2.5 MPa), underscoring the rapid development of mechanical performance. Beyond mechanical enhancement, carbonation curing also improved abrasion and skid resistance. This research makes a significant contribution to the field of sustainable pavements, creating new prospects for circular economy approaches that integrate marine waste recycling with carbon capture.