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<p>This study employs a multi-scale simulation approach to systematically investigate the rupture mechanism and healing efficacy of microcapsules. Firstly, the stress and rupture behavior of microcapsules within virtual specimens of asphalt mixture at different notch tips was analyzed by the semi-circle bending simulation test. Then, based on the simulation results of semi-rigid base asphalt pavement fatigue damage, the equivalent modulus of the representative volume elements for cracks was evaluated, establishing a quantitative relationship between crack quantity and modulus. Finally, the healing effectiveness of microcapsules on pavement structures with varying degrees of damage was assessed based on pavement deflection. The results indicate that&#xa0;reduced capsule wall thickness or increased wall modulus substantially elevates stress levels, with each 1 GPa modulus increase or 1&#xa0;μm thickness decrease raising average stress by approximately 30&#xa0;MPa. Under mode-I loading,&#xa0;stresses consistently surpass mode-II values, exhibiting maximum principal stresses approximately double the maximum shear stresses.&#xa0;Rupture probability rises with decreasing wall thickness, and fracture initiates earlier under mode-I loading.&#xa0;Rupture timing follows a Fréchet distribution. Enhanced core material modulus significantly boosts healing efficacy: increasing core modulus from 1 to 9 GPa reduces deflection from 59.56 to 56.48&#xa0;μm. However, the microcapsule structural strength repair index (<i>MSSRI</i>) demonstrates a&#xa0;quartic polynomial relationship with modulus. The incremental <i>MSSRI</i> gain per modulus unit declines from 0.15 to 0.04,&#xa0;indicating a healing efficacy saturation threshold. This work provides theoretical foundations for microcapsule design. For engineering applications,&#xa0;optimize wall thickness/modulus to control rupture timing, while balancing core material cost against healing efficacy using the modulus-<i>MSSRI</i> relationship.</p>

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Investigating rupture behavior and healing efficacy of self-healing microcapsules in asphalt pavements through multiscale simulations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月4日

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  • Yi Cui,
  • Peng Peng,
  • Xunhao Ding,
  • Feilong Ye,
  • Tao Ma,
  • Dan Wang

摘要

This study employs a multi-scale simulation approach to systematically investigate the rupture mechanism and healing efficacy of microcapsules. Firstly, the stress and rupture behavior of microcapsules within virtual specimens of asphalt mixture at different notch tips was analyzed by the semi-circle bending simulation test. Then, based on the simulation results of semi-rigid base asphalt pavement fatigue damage, the equivalent modulus of the representative volume elements for cracks was evaluated, establishing a quantitative relationship between crack quantity and modulus. Finally, the healing effectiveness of microcapsules on pavement structures with varying degrees of damage was assessed based on pavement deflection. The results indicate that reduced capsule wall thickness or increased wall modulus substantially elevates stress levels, with each 1 GPa modulus increase or 1 μm thickness decrease raising average stress by approximately 30 MPa. Under mode-I loading, stresses consistently surpass mode-II values, exhibiting maximum principal stresses approximately double the maximum shear stresses. Rupture probability rises with decreasing wall thickness, and fracture initiates earlier under mode-I loading. Rupture timing follows a Fréchet distribution. Enhanced core material modulus significantly boosts healing efficacy: increasing core modulus from 1 to 9 GPa reduces deflection from 59.56 to 56.48 μm. However, the microcapsule structural strength repair index (MSSRI) demonstrates a quartic polynomial relationship with modulus. The incremental MSSRI gain per modulus unit declines from 0.15 to 0.04, indicating a healing efficacy saturation threshold. This work provides theoretical foundations for microcapsule design. For engineering applications, optimize wall thickness/modulus to control rupture timing, while balancing core material cost against healing efficacy using the modulus-MSSRI relationship.