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<p>The limited mechanical strength and surface stability of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) restrict its use in load-bearing and long-term biomedical devices. In this study, magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were synthesized using conventional sol–gel and continuous recirculation nanoprecipitation methods to address these limitations. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of crystalline nanoparticles with the recirculation method producing narrower size distributions and improved homogeneity. Nanoparticles were incorporated into PLGA (85:15) matrices at 1–5% (w/w) to form nanocomposites. Mechanical evaluation by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Oliver–Pharr nanoindentation revealed significant reinforcement: 1%Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub> increased Young’s modulus by 37.8%, while 5% MgO achieved a maximum increase of 55.8% relative to pristine PLGA. Cytotoxicity assays (MTT) showed LC<sub>50</sub> values of 6.79&#xa0;mg/mL for MgO and 4.19&#xa0;mg/mL for Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>, indicating acceptable biocompatibility. These results support the potential application of PLGA–Mg nanocomposites in temporary implants, bone regeneration scaffolds, and tissue engineering.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Engineering PLGA nanocomposites with magnesium hydroxide and oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and prospective biomedical applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Gabriel Jaime Colmenares Roldán,
  • Liliana María Agudelo,
  • Lina Marcela Hoyos Palacio

摘要

The limited mechanical strength and surface stability of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) restrict its use in load-bearing and long-term biomedical devices. In this study, magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were synthesized using conventional sol–gel and continuous recirculation nanoprecipitation methods to address these limitations. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of crystalline nanoparticles with the recirculation method producing narrower size distributions and improved homogeneity. Nanoparticles were incorporated into PLGA (85:15) matrices at 1–5% (w/w) to form nanocomposites. Mechanical evaluation by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Oliver–Pharr nanoindentation revealed significant reinforcement: 1%Mg(OH)2 increased Young’s modulus by 37.8%, while 5% MgO achieved a maximum increase of 55.8% relative to pristine PLGA. Cytotoxicity assays (MTT) showed LC50 values of 6.79 mg/mL for MgO and 4.19 mg/mL for Mg(OH)2, indicating acceptable biocompatibility. These results support the potential application of PLGA–Mg nanocomposites in temporary implants, bone regeneration scaffolds, and tissue engineering.

Graphical abstract