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<p>Nanocrystalline Nd<sub>0.55</sub>Ca<sub>0.45</sub>MnO₃ (NCMO-13) manganite was synthesized via a sol–gel route followed by high-temperature sintering to achieve enhanced crystallinity and microstructural densification. X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement confirmed an orthorhombic perovskite structure (Pnma) with significant MnO<sub>6</sub> octahedral distortions, indicating strong electron–lattice coupling. Electron microscopy revealed densely packed nanoscale grains with well-connected boundaries. Magnetic measurements demonstrated pronounced phase competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions, evidenced by ZFC–FC irreversibility, low-temperature blocking behavior, and a cycling-induced training effect. Electrical transport showed semiconducting behavior over the entire temperature range with thermal hysteresis near the transition region, supporting phase coexistence. Low-temperature transport analysis suggested dominant electron–magnon scattering below ~ 60&#xa0;K. Optical studies revealed a near-UV absorption edge with a direct bandgap of 3.78&#xa0;eV and a refractive index of ~ 2.06. XPS confirmed mixed Mn<sup>3</sup>⁺/Mn<sup>4</sup>⁺ valence, validating double-exchange transport. These results highlight NCMO-13 as a promising material for spintronic and UV optoelectronic applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Interplay of nanoscale phase competition with structural, magnetic, transport, and optical responses in Nd0.55Ca0.45MnO3

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Gaurav Joshi,
  • Sudha Tomar,
  • Shivam Kumar Miglani,
  • D. S. Raghav

摘要

Nanocrystalline Nd0.55Ca0.45MnO₃ (NCMO-13) manganite was synthesized via a sol–gel route followed by high-temperature sintering to achieve enhanced crystallinity and microstructural densification. X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement confirmed an orthorhombic perovskite structure (Pnma) with significant MnO6 octahedral distortions, indicating strong electron–lattice coupling. Electron microscopy revealed densely packed nanoscale grains with well-connected boundaries. Magnetic measurements demonstrated pronounced phase competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions, evidenced by ZFC–FC irreversibility, low-temperature blocking behavior, and a cycling-induced training effect. Electrical transport showed semiconducting behavior over the entire temperature range with thermal hysteresis near the transition region, supporting phase coexistence. Low-temperature transport analysis suggested dominant electron–magnon scattering below ~ 60 K. Optical studies revealed a near-UV absorption edge with a direct bandgap of 3.78 eV and a refractive index of ~ 2.06. XPS confirmed mixed Mn3⁺/Mn4⁺ valence, validating double-exchange transport. These results highlight NCMO-13 as a promising material for spintronic and UV optoelectronic applications.

Graphical abstract