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<p>Raman scattering, SEM, photoluminescence and X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the mixture ZnO + 3% Er nanoparticles have been studied after intensive mechanical processing with the purpose of identifying native defects in ZnO nanocrystals and their correlation in use as an antimicrobial agent against gram-negative bacteria. Six samples of the ZnO mixture + 3% Er with milling times of 1, 3, 9, 30, 90 and 360&#xa0;min were obtained. There stages of PL spectrum transformation have been revealed and discussed. The nature of the origin of the photoluminescence bands in the spectrum has been studied and revealed. XRD analysis shows the reaction time progresses. Disk diffusion tests and turbidimetry performed against bacteria indicate that longer grinding times of the samples resulted in the greatest antimicrobial activity against E. coli, due to better crystallinity and particle distribution of the Er-doped ZnO samples, as indicated by XRD, SEM and photoluminescence analyses.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Structural, optical and antimicrobial properties of the mixture of ZnO and erbium nanostructures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • E. Vergara-Hernández,
  • Y. A. Trigueros Pérez,
  • L. Loa-Pelcastre,
  • M. L. Carrera-Jota,
  • A. A. Durán-Ledezma,
  • J. D. García-Aguilar,
  • F. Mendoza-Hernández

摘要

Raman scattering, SEM, photoluminescence and X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the mixture ZnO + 3% Er nanoparticles have been studied after intensive mechanical processing with the purpose of identifying native defects in ZnO nanocrystals and their correlation in use as an antimicrobial agent against gram-negative bacteria. Six samples of the ZnO mixture + 3% Er with milling times of 1, 3, 9, 30, 90 and 360 min were obtained. There stages of PL spectrum transformation have been revealed and discussed. The nature of the origin of the photoluminescence bands in the spectrum has been studied and revealed. XRD analysis shows the reaction time progresses. Disk diffusion tests and turbidimetry performed against bacteria indicate that longer grinding times of the samples resulted in the greatest antimicrobial activity against E. coli, due to better crystallinity and particle distribution of the Er-doped ZnO samples, as indicated by XRD, SEM and photoluminescence analyses.

Graphical abstract