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<p>Functional nanostructures are essential for eco-friendly technologies. This study aims to synthesize zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) thin films using a modified successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. Zinc sulfate and copper chloride were used as metallic precursors, and ammonium hydroxide was used as a complexing agent to control pH and stabilize the ionic species during deposition. Thin films were deposited on glass substrates through a series of alternating immersion cycles, followed by thermal treatment at 400&#xa0;°C for 3&#xa0;h. Characterization by XRD, UV–Vis, and SEM confirmed morphological changes, improved crystallinity, and bandgap reduction, which is attributed to the formation of a <i>p</i>–<i>n</i> junction. Electrical resistance evaluated the conductive behavior of the films further. The resulting heterostructures show potential for photocatalysis, solar energy conversion, and gas sensing applications. Overall, this study highlights the efficiency, reproducibility, and low cost of the modified SILAR method for fabricating functional nanostructured materials.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured ZnO/CuO thin films via a modified SILAR method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月3日

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  • Gerardo Rodríguez-Jiménez,
  • Víctor Hugo Martínez-Landeros,
  • Lázaro Abdiel Falcón-Franco,
  • Jesús Alfonso Mercado-Silva,
  • Bertha Alicia Puente-Urbina,
  • Luis Alfonso García-Cerda,
  • Dagoberto Vázquez-Obregón

摘要

Functional nanostructures are essential for eco-friendly technologies. This study aims to synthesize zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) thin films using a modified successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. Zinc sulfate and copper chloride were used as metallic precursors, and ammonium hydroxide was used as a complexing agent to control pH and stabilize the ionic species during deposition. Thin films were deposited on glass substrates through a series of alternating immersion cycles, followed by thermal treatment at 400 °C for 3 h. Characterization by XRD, UV–Vis, and SEM confirmed morphological changes, improved crystallinity, and bandgap reduction, which is attributed to the formation of a p–n junction. Electrical resistance evaluated the conductive behavior of the films further. The resulting heterostructures show potential for photocatalysis, solar energy conversion, and gas sensing applications. Overall, this study highlights the efficiency, reproducibility, and low cost of the modified SILAR method for fabricating functional nanostructured materials.

Graphical abstract