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Abstract <p>The effect of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) obtained through purification of low-cost commercial lime on the mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) was investigated. The purification process produced high-purity CaCO₃ with a distinctive rhombohedral-to-flaky morphology, differing from conventional ground or precipitated CaCO₃ used as polymer fillers. The synthesized CaCO₃ was incorporated into PP at loadings between 5 and 20 wt% by melt compounding. Tensile testing revealed a progressive decrease in yield strength from 35.4 MPa for neat PP to 27.5 MPa at 20 wt% filler, along with a reduction in maximum tensile strength as filler content increased. Young’s modulus remained nearly unchanged within experimental variability, from approximately 2.5 GPa for neat PP to 2.44 GPa at 20 wt% filler. Elongation at break decreased at intermediate filler contents but increased to 10.1% at 20 wt%, exceeding that of neat PP. ICP-OES and micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed high purity and reduced mineral impurities.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Mechanical properties of polypropylene composites reinforced with calcium carbonate obtained through the purification of commercial lime

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月1日

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  • Anahí del Carmen Esquivias-Fierro,
  • Edén Amaral Rodríguez-Castellanos,
  • Ernesto Hernández-Hernández,
  • José Francisco Hernández-Gámez,
  • Alberto Toxqui-Terán,
  • Leonardo Chávez-Guerrero

摘要

Abstract

The effect of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) obtained through purification of low-cost commercial lime on the mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) was investigated. The purification process produced high-purity CaCO₃ with a distinctive rhombohedral-to-flaky morphology, differing from conventional ground or precipitated CaCO₃ used as polymer fillers. The synthesized CaCO₃ was incorporated into PP at loadings between 5 and 20 wt% by melt compounding. Tensile testing revealed a progressive decrease in yield strength from 35.4 MPa for neat PP to 27.5 MPa at 20 wt% filler, along with a reduction in maximum tensile strength as filler content increased. Young’s modulus remained nearly unchanged within experimental variability, from approximately 2.5 GPa for neat PP to 2.44 GPa at 20 wt% filler. Elongation at break decreased at intermediate filler contents but increased to 10.1% at 20 wt%, exceeding that of neat PP. ICP-OES and micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed high purity and reduced mineral impurities.

Graphical abstract