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<p>In this work pure and distinct (5, 10, 15%) Al-doped tin (II) oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol–gel technique with distinct Al concentrations. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterised through x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The XRD confirms structural characterisation and the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles with a tetragonal structure. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), EDS, FTIR, UV–Visible and Raman spectroscopy were employed to characterise the morphology and composition. The incorporation of Al into the SnO<sub>2</sub> lattice was confirmed by FTIR and Raman analysis, indicating structural distortion and defect formation. The SEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticle size enlarged with higher Al concentrations. The band gap of nanoparticles analysed by the FTIR/UV- Visible and results showed that the Al concentration increased due to which the band gap decreased.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Comprehensive properties of pure and (5, 10 and 15%) Al–doped SnO2 nano powder synthesized by sol gel method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月23日

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  • Sandeep Kumar Singh,
  • Manmohan Mishra,
  • Rajesh Kumar,
  • Vishal Shukla,
  • Mahendra Kumar

摘要

In this work pure and distinct (5, 10, 15%) Al-doped tin (II) oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol–gel technique with distinct Al concentrations. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterised through x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The XRD confirms structural characterisation and the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles with a tetragonal structure. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), EDS, FTIR, UV–Visible and Raman spectroscopy were employed to characterise the morphology and composition. The incorporation of Al into the SnO2 lattice was confirmed by FTIR and Raman analysis, indicating structural distortion and defect formation. The SEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticle size enlarged with higher Al concentrations. The band gap of nanoparticles analysed by the FTIR/UV- Visible and results showed that the Al concentration increased due to which the band gap decreased.

Graphical Abstract