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<p>This study addresses the preparation of cellulose (Cell), chitosan (Ch), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) biofilms reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using the casting method. The MWCNTs, synthesized from residual material, were dispersed within a biopolymer matrix forming the composites. FTIR confirmed the formation of strong intermolecular bonds, while scanning electron microscopy verified the integration and distribution of MWCNTs within the films. Contact angle measurements revealed changes in the wettability of the biofilms. The incorporation of MWCNTs led to a substantial enhancement in both hardness and electrical conductivity of the films. Specifically, increasing the 1%, 3% wt MWCNT raised the electrical conductivity from 3.018 × 10⁻<sup>4</sup> to 5.180 × 10⁻<sup>4</sup>&#xa0;S/cm, while maintaining high hardness (Shore A from 55.2 to 54.2). These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of MWCNTs in improving the mechanical and electrical properties of Cell/Ch/PVA composites, positioning them as a sustainable, biodegradable, and cost-effective alternative to conventional plastics.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Cellulose/chitosan biofilms with MWCNTs prepared by the casting method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月11日

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  • Alhelí Hernández-Pérez,
  • Francisco Gabriel Granados-Martínez,
  • Nelly Flores-Ramírez,
  • Salomón Ramiro Vásquez-García,
  • David Ricardo Poiré-De la Cruz,
  • Maria Remedios Cisneros-Magaña,
  • Lada Domratcheva-Lvova

摘要

This study addresses the preparation of cellulose (Cell), chitosan (Ch), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) biofilms reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using the casting method. The MWCNTs, synthesized from residual material, were dispersed within a biopolymer matrix forming the composites. FTIR confirmed the formation of strong intermolecular bonds, while scanning electron microscopy verified the integration and distribution of MWCNTs within the films. Contact angle measurements revealed changes in the wettability of the biofilms. The incorporation of MWCNTs led to a substantial enhancement in both hardness and electrical conductivity of the films. Specifically, increasing the 1%, 3% wt MWCNT raised the electrical conductivity from 3.018 × 10⁻4 to 5.180 × 10⁻4 S/cm, while maintaining high hardness (Shore A from 55.2 to 54.2). These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of MWCNTs in improving the mechanical and electrical properties of Cell/Ch/PVA composites, positioning them as a sustainable, biodegradable, and cost-effective alternative to conventional plastics.

Graphical abstract