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<p>Welded joints of AISI 304 stainless steel (304 SS) are critical in industries requiring high corrosion resistance. In this study, robotic lap joints of 304 SS plates using gas metal arc welding (GMAW) were executed at 19&#xa0;V and wire speed 6 in/min with argon as shielding gas, where we seek to improve the mechanical and microstructural effects by adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and nickel (Ni) powder at varying ratios. MWCNT exhibits exceptional strength and stiffness, and Ni stabilizes the austenitic structure and acts as an alloying agent that helps develop a more homogeneous microstructure. Properties were evaluated via tensile and hardness tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical microscopy. The study identified sample 617 (6 wt% Ni and 0.17 wt% CNT) as the sample with the best balance between strength and ductility; however, high CNT may promote porosity, reducing performance; demonstrating nanostructured doping enhances the properties as required.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Mechanical and microstructural evaluation of CNT/Ni-doped welds in 304 stainless steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月26日

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  • Frida Justine Cervantes-Galvan,
  • Argelia Fabiola Miranda-Pérez,
  • Felipe Cordova-Lozano,
  • Pablo Marco Trejo-García,
  • Hertwin Minor-Popocatl

摘要

Welded joints of AISI 304 stainless steel (304 SS) are critical in industries requiring high corrosion resistance. In this study, robotic lap joints of 304 SS plates using gas metal arc welding (GMAW) were executed at 19 V and wire speed 6 in/min with argon as shielding gas, where we seek to improve the mechanical and microstructural effects by adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and nickel (Ni) powder at varying ratios. MWCNT exhibits exceptional strength and stiffness, and Ni stabilizes the austenitic structure and acts as an alloying agent that helps develop a more homogeneous microstructure. Properties were evaluated via tensile and hardness tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical microscopy. The study identified sample 617 (6 wt% Ni and 0.17 wt% CNT) as the sample with the best balance between strength and ductility; however, high CNT may promote porosity, reducing performance; demonstrating nanostructured doping enhances the properties as required.

Graphical abstract