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<p>In this work, we studied the effects of Gd substitution on the structural and electronic properties of Y<sub>1−x</sub>Gd<sub>x</sub>Ba<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7−δ</sub> <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((x=0.00-0.15)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.00</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mn>0.15</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The compounds were synthesized through a solid-state reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinements, resistivity measurements at low temperatures and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).</p><p>The refinements revealed gadolinium ions gradually substitute yttrium, which strongly influences the crystal structure and critical superconducting temperature (T<sub>c</sub>). As the gadolinium content increases, the unit cell volume and T<sub>c</sub> increase slightly. Through XPS, the chemical orbitals of the constituent elements were successfully identified and the proper incorporation of Gd into the lattice was confirmed. No chemical shifts were observed in the Gd 4d and Y 3d orbitals.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Study of the structural and electronic properties of Y1-xGdxBa2Cu3O7-δ superconducting ceramics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • P. R. Morales-Priego,
  • J. A. López Aranda,
  • E. P. Arévalo-López,
  • R. Escamilla

摘要

In this work, we studied the effects of Gd substitution on the structural and electronic properties of Y1−xGdxBa2Cu3O7−δ \((x=0.00-0.15)\) ( x = 0.00 - 0.15 ) . The compounds were synthesized through a solid-state reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinements, resistivity measurements at low temperatures and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

The refinements revealed gadolinium ions gradually substitute yttrium, which strongly influences the crystal structure and critical superconducting temperature (Tc). As the gadolinium content increases, the unit cell volume and Tc increase slightly. Through XPS, the chemical orbitals of the constituent elements were successfully identified and the proper incorporation of Gd into the lattice was confirmed. No chemical shifts were observed in the Gd 4d and Y 3d orbitals.

Graphical abstract