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<p>Materials science has sought more sustainable and environmentally friendly methods. Specifically, green chemistry has gained great interest in materials synthesis and modification. The sol-gel/dip-coating method was used in this study to produce titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) thin films. The molar ratios for absolute ethanol, titanium butoxide, and nitric acid were 30:1:1. As photo-sensitizer agents, chlorophyll and anthocyanins, ethanol-infused natural extracts of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> (moringa) and <i>Euterpe oleracea</i> (acai) were employed. These extracts were added to the precursor solution at a volumetric ratio of 4:1 (precursor solution: extract). The natural extracts modified the physical characteristics by acting as sensitizers. The calculated optical bandgap and thickness values decreased, reaching 3.3&#xa0;eV and 153&#xa0;nm, respectively. The surface roughness, morphology, and wettability were altered, resulting in a significant improvement photosensitivity. These findings suggest that natural extracts can serve as efficient, environmentally friendly substitutes for TiO<sub>2</sub>-based semiconductor functionalization.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Euterpe oleracea and Moringa oleifera plant extracts for eco-friendly photosensitization of TiO2 thin films

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Jesús A. Camez-Cota,
  • Andrés Castro-Beltrán,
  • Alberto Gaxiola-Hernández,
  • Paulette Gómez-López,
  • Rafael Ramírez-Bon,
  • Clemente G. Alvarado-Beltrán

摘要

Materials science has sought more sustainable and environmentally friendly methods. Specifically, green chemistry has gained great interest in materials synthesis and modification. The sol-gel/dip-coating method was used in this study to produce titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films. The molar ratios for absolute ethanol, titanium butoxide, and nitric acid were 30:1:1. As photo-sensitizer agents, chlorophyll and anthocyanins, ethanol-infused natural extracts of Moringa oleifera (moringa) and Euterpe oleracea (acai) were employed. These extracts were added to the precursor solution at a volumetric ratio of 4:1 (precursor solution: extract). The natural extracts modified the physical characteristics by acting as sensitizers. The calculated optical bandgap and thickness values decreased, reaching 3.3 eV and 153 nm, respectively. The surface roughness, morphology, and wettability were altered, resulting in a significant improvement photosensitivity. These findings suggest that natural extracts can serve as efficient, environmentally friendly substitutes for TiO2-based semiconductor functionalization.

Graphical abstract