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<p>This work investigates the microstructure, mechanical performance, and corrosion behavior of Ti–25Nb-<i>x</i>HfO₂ (<i>x</i> = 0–20 vol. %) composites produced by solid-state sintering at 1300&#xa0;°C. Structural analysis by XRD and microscopy revealed that low HfO₂ contents partially dissolve in the β-Ti(Nb) matrix, while higher fractions retain monoclinic HfO₂ as a stable reinforcement, leading to a biphasic system. The addition of HfO₂ reduced relative density with increasing content, due to refractory behavior and porosity formation, but also refined the microstructure and restricted grain growth. Nanoindentation showed progressive strengthening and improved wear resistance, especially at 5–10 vol.%, though excessive contents (<i>x</i> ≥ 16 vol.%) reduced elastic modulus and increased heterogeneity. Corrosion tests in simulated body fluid revealed composition-dependent behavior: low HfO₂ promoted passive film destabilization, intermediate fractions improved stability, and excessive additions decreased resistance. Overall, optimal performance was achieved at intermediate HfO₂ levels, suggesting promising applications in biomedical and structural fields.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Study of the elastoplastic and corrosion resistance of Ti25NbxHfO2 composites for potential biomedical applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月19日

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  • E. Arteaga-Morán,
  • L. E. Beltran-Bañuelos,
  • D. Bravo-Barcenas,
  • R. Suárez-Martínez,
  • E. Rodríguez-de Anda,
  • O. Jimenez

摘要

This work investigates the microstructure, mechanical performance, and corrosion behavior of Ti–25Nb-xHfO₂ (x = 0–20 vol. %) composites produced by solid-state sintering at 1300 °C. Structural analysis by XRD and microscopy revealed that low HfO₂ contents partially dissolve in the β-Ti(Nb) matrix, while higher fractions retain monoclinic HfO₂ as a stable reinforcement, leading to a biphasic system. The addition of HfO₂ reduced relative density with increasing content, due to refractory behavior and porosity formation, but also refined the microstructure and restricted grain growth. Nanoindentation showed progressive strengthening and improved wear resistance, especially at 5–10 vol.%, though excessive contents (x ≥ 16 vol.%) reduced elastic modulus and increased heterogeneity. Corrosion tests in simulated body fluid revealed composition-dependent behavior: low HfO₂ promoted passive film destabilization, intermediate fractions improved stability, and excessive additions decreased resistance. Overall, optimal performance was achieved at intermediate HfO₂ levels, suggesting promising applications in biomedical and structural fields.

Graphical abstract