<p>Mixed Cu<sup>2+</sup>/Zn<sup>2+</sup> ferrite particles (Zn<sub>0.25</sub>Cu<sub>0.75</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) were synthesized through hydrothermal treatment at 170&#xa0;°C for 15&#xa0;h under alkaline conditions and systematically characterized for their structural and optical properties. FTIR confirmed Fe–O, Cu–O, and Zn–O bonds, while XRD showed a cubic spinel structure with Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> occupying octahedral and tetrahedral sites, respectively. SEM analysis revealed agglomerates averaging 4 ± 2.5&#xa0;μm, and UV–Vis spectroscopy indicated broad UV–visible absorption with indirect and direct bandgaps of 1.2, 2.6, and 3.2&#xa0;eV, corresponding to photoactivity up to 476, and 387&#xa0;nm. Under visible-light irradiation, the ferrites exhibited photo-Fenton activity, facilitating the transformation of organic model compounds into simpler carboxyl and aromatic species in the case of naproxen, and showed effective degradation of methylene blue (88% in 20&#xa0;h) and initial degradation of diclofenac (21% in 6&#xa0;h). These findings highlight Cu/Zn ferrites as low-cost, efficient, and versatile photocatalysts for advanced oxidation processes and wastewater treatment under visible-light conditions.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Synthesis and characterization of mixed Cu2+/Zn2+ ferrites for visible-light photodegradation of organic pollutants

  • F. Castro-Canseco,
  • C. A. Zamora-Valencia,
  • M. F. Ramírez-Ayala,
  • M. A. Camacho-González

摘要

Mixed Cu2+/Zn2+ ferrite particles (Zn0.25Cu0.75Fe2O4) were synthesized through hydrothermal treatment at 170 °C for 15 h under alkaline conditions and systematically characterized for their structural and optical properties. FTIR confirmed Fe–O, Cu–O, and Zn–O bonds, while XRD showed a cubic spinel structure with Cu2+ and Zn2+ occupying octahedral and tetrahedral sites, respectively. SEM analysis revealed agglomerates averaging 4 ± 2.5 μm, and UV–Vis spectroscopy indicated broad UV–visible absorption with indirect and direct bandgaps of 1.2, 2.6, and 3.2 eV, corresponding to photoactivity up to 476, and 387 nm. Under visible-light irradiation, the ferrites exhibited photo-Fenton activity, facilitating the transformation of organic model compounds into simpler carboxyl and aromatic species in the case of naproxen, and showed effective degradation of methylene blue (88% in 20 h) and initial degradation of diclofenac (21% in 6 h). These findings highlight Cu/Zn ferrites as low-cost, efficient, and versatile photocatalysts for advanced oxidation processes and wastewater treatment under visible-light conditions.

Graphical abstract