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<p>In this study, a chemical route was successfully employed to prepare Bi<sub>2/3</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>Ti<sub>4–<i>x</i></sub>Fe<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub>12</sub> (BCTFO, where <i>x</i> = 0.025 and 0.05) at relatively low temperature. After subsequent calcination at 1073&#xa0;K and sintering at 1173&#xa0;K for 8&#xa0;h, compositions were obtained. X-ray diffraction analysis validated the purity of the ceramics, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was employed for microstructural examination and energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) techniques were employed for elemental composition confirmation. The average grain size of the synthesized ceramics was obtained as 0.57&#xa0;μm and 0.66&#xa0;μm, respectively. The BCTFO-0.025 and BCTFO-0.05 ceramics have dielectric permittivity values of 261 and 2281, respectively, at 100&#xa0;Hz and 463&#xa0;K. Dielectric loss measurements at 10&#xa0;kHz and 303&#xa0;K revealed values of 0.09 for BCTFO-0.025 and 0.23 for BCTFO-0.05. Analysis of impedance and modulus studies revealed that these ceramics exhibit Maxwell–Wagner relaxation phenomena. The electrical conductivity varies with temperature and frequency according to the Arrhenius law and Jonscher’s power law.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Dielectric and electrical behaviour of iron-doped bismuth copper titanium oxide prepared by a chemical route

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • Vishnu Shankar Rai,
  • Anup Kumar,
  • Atendra Kumar,
  • N. B. Singh,
  • K. D. Mandal

摘要

In this study, a chemical route was successfully employed to prepare Bi2/3Cu3Ti4–xFexO12 (BCTFO, where x = 0.025 and 0.05) at relatively low temperature. After subsequent calcination at 1073 K and sintering at 1173 K for 8 h, compositions were obtained. X-ray diffraction analysis validated the purity of the ceramics, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was employed for microstructural examination and energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) techniques were employed for elemental composition confirmation. The average grain size of the synthesized ceramics was obtained as 0.57 μm and 0.66 μm, respectively. The BCTFO-0.025 and BCTFO-0.05 ceramics have dielectric permittivity values of 261 and 2281, respectively, at 100 Hz and 463 K. Dielectric loss measurements at 10 kHz and 303 K revealed values of 0.09 for BCTFO-0.025 and 0.23 for BCTFO-0.05. Analysis of impedance and modulus studies revealed that these ceramics exhibit Maxwell–Wagner relaxation phenomena. The electrical conductivity varies with temperature and frequency according to the Arrhenius law and Jonscher’s power law.

Graphical abstract