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<p>The design of sustainable and eco-friendly materials for use as antibacterial agents has been challenging for material scientists. Herein, the bismuth-doped Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>S/gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> heterojunction composite was prepared using as-prepared bismuth (III) <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>-phenyl dithiocarbamate, graphitic carbon nitride and silver nanoparticles in the presence of oleic acid at 220&#xa0;°C. The composite was characterized using various techniques. Antibacterial activities of the composite were investigated against Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial performance was compared to that of silver nanoparticles, bismuth nanoparticles, gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and silver/graphitic carbon nitride (Ag/gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>). In contrast to the results obtained with pure gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, Ag/gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and bismuth-doped silver/silver sulphide/graphitic carbon nitride (Bi@Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>S/ gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) heterojunction exhibited reduced MIC (Ag/gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4—</sub>0.78 to 3.12&#xa0;mg/mL, and Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>S/gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>—0.78 and 1.56&#xa0;mg/mL) and MBC (Ag/gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>—1.56 and 6.25&#xa0;mg/mL, (Bi@Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>S/gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>—1.56 and 3.12&#xa0;mg/mL) against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates examined in this investigation.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Synthesis and antibacterial investigations of bismuth-doped Ag/Ag2S/gC3N4 heterostructure composite

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月2日

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  • Timothy O. Ajiboye,
  • Daniel J. Ajose,
  • Adeniyi S. Ogunlaja,
  • Kholiswa Yokwana,
  • Sabelo D. Mhlanga

摘要

The design of sustainable and eco-friendly materials for use as antibacterial agents has been challenging for material scientists. Herein, the bismuth-doped Ag/Ag2S/gC3N4 heterojunction composite was prepared using as-prepared bismuth (III) N-methyl-N-phenyl dithiocarbamate, graphitic carbon nitride and silver nanoparticles in the presence of oleic acid at 220 °C. The composite was characterized using various techniques. Antibacterial activities of the composite were investigated against Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial performance was compared to that of silver nanoparticles, bismuth nanoparticles, gC3N4 and silver/graphitic carbon nitride (Ag/gC3N4). In contrast to the results obtained with pure gC3N4, Ag/gC3N4 and bismuth-doped silver/silver sulphide/graphitic carbon nitride (Bi@Ag/Ag2S/ gC3N4) heterojunction exhibited reduced MIC (Ag/gC3N4—0.78 to 3.12 mg/mL, and Ag/Ag2S/gC3N4—0.78 and 1.56 mg/mL) and MBC (Ag/gC3N4—1.56 and 6.25 mg/mL, (Bi@Ag/Ag2S/gC3N4—1.56 and 3.12 mg/mL) against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates examined in this investigation.

Graphical abstract