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<p>The work presents simple and viable route for the microwave-assisted synthesis of pure and composites of CuO and Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, using <i>Artocarpus altilis</i> pulp juice. Synthesized nanomaterials were characterized using different techniques. XRD presented a crystallite size of 7–19&#xa0;nm for the five different catalysts. The particles are aggregates of elongated and spherical structures as shown in FESEM. The oxidation states of the elements were confirmed using XPS. TEM images displayed a well-defined lattice fringe for the composite. BET isotherms demonstrate the porosity of catalyst and suitability of the material towards catalysis. All the catalysts were examined for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol initially. Among all the catalysts, 1:1 nanocomposite exhibited an excellent catalytic activity with ~ 100% reduction of 4-NP and follows pseudo-first order reaction kinetics. The catalyst was further attempted to reduce other nitro compounds. These results demonstrated the promising candidature of the nanocomposites towards reduction of selected nitro compounds.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Microwave-assisted green synthesis of CuO/Co3O4 nanocomposites using breadfruit juice for nitro compound reduction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月6日

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  • M. C. Divya,
  • Madhuri P. Rao,
  • K. L. Nagashree,
  • S. Manjunatha

摘要

The work presents simple and viable route for the microwave-assisted synthesis of pure and composites of CuO and Co3O4, using Artocarpus altilis pulp juice. Synthesized nanomaterials were characterized using different techniques. XRD presented a crystallite size of 7–19 nm for the five different catalysts. The particles are aggregates of elongated and spherical structures as shown in FESEM. The oxidation states of the elements were confirmed using XPS. TEM images displayed a well-defined lattice fringe for the composite. BET isotherms demonstrate the porosity of catalyst and suitability of the material towards catalysis. All the catalysts were examined for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol initially. Among all the catalysts, 1:1 nanocomposite exhibited an excellent catalytic activity with ~ 100% reduction of 4-NP and follows pseudo-first order reaction kinetics. The catalyst was further attempted to reduce other nitro compounds. These results demonstrated the promising candidature of the nanocomposites towards reduction of selected nitro compounds.

Graphical abstract