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<p>In this study, NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and fly ash waste based composites are prepared for microwave absorption properties. The NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanomaterial is synthesized through a hydrothermal process, while the NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Fly ash composites are prepared using a high-energy planetary ball milling technique. Structural and morphological properties of the materials are analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composite with a 75–25% NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Fly ash ratio shows a minimum reflection loss (RL) of −&#xa0;19.17&#xa0;dB at 10.02&#xa0;GHz. It also demonstrates an effective bandwidth of 2.82&#xa0;GHz within the X-band frequency range, at a thickness of 2.4&#xa0;mm. This composite exhibits a maximum attenuation of 107.3&#xa0;dB/m and excellent impedance matching with free space. The novel combination and unique structure of NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Fly ash composite enhances their electromagnetic wave absorption, making them highly suitable for industrial and defence applications targeting microwave absorption in aerospace and stealth coatings for military use. </p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Facile preparation of NiCo2O4-Fly ash based composites for microwave absorption properties in GHz range

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月30日

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  • Aarushi Ahlawat,
  • Sachin Tyagi

摘要

In this study, NiCo2O4 and fly ash waste based composites are prepared for microwave absorption properties. The NiCo2O4 nanomaterial is synthesized through a hydrothermal process, while the NiCo2O4-Fly ash composites are prepared using a high-energy planetary ball milling technique. Structural and morphological properties of the materials are analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composite with a 75–25% NiCo2O4-Fly ash ratio shows a minimum reflection loss (RL) of − 19.17 dB at 10.02 GHz. It also demonstrates an effective bandwidth of 2.82 GHz within the X-band frequency range, at a thickness of 2.4 mm. This composite exhibits a maximum attenuation of 107.3 dB/m and excellent impedance matching with free space. The novel combination and unique structure of NiCo2O4 and Fly ash composite enhances their electromagnetic wave absorption, making them highly suitable for industrial and defence applications targeting microwave absorption in aerospace and stealth coatings for military use.

Graphical abstract