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<p>In this study, a printable ink of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has been synthesized to fabricate flexible piezoelectric devices using solvent evaporation-assisted direct ink writing (SE-DIW). Different weight percentages of barium titanate (BTO)—10, 15, and 20 wt%,—along with 5 wt% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in a polar solvent solution containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) have been used to enhance the polar phase and a high piezoelectric coefficient in PVDF. The shear force of the nozzle in SE-DIW and an electric field of 4&#xa0;kV in contact poling with 90&#xa0;°C applied in the samples resulted in an enhancement of the polar phase. In addition, the PVDF/BTO/MWCNT composites shrink by about 10% while keeping their flexibility. By fabricating PVDF with 20-wt% BTO, the optimal piezoelectric coefficient (d<sub>33</sub>) of 53.25 pC/N is obtained while maintaining flexibility with a young modulus of 4.87&#xa0;MPa.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Solvent evaporation-assisted direct ink writing using polar solvent for flexible polyvinyl fluoride piezoelectric composites in enhancement of piezoelectric properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月17日

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  • Aaron Rodriguez,
  • Stephanie Gonzalez,
  • Abdiel Cruz,
  • Alexis Lopez,
  • Sabina Arroyo,
  • Yirong Lin,
  • Anabel Renteria

摘要

In this study, a printable ink of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has been synthesized to fabricate flexible piezoelectric devices using solvent evaporation-assisted direct ink writing (SE-DIW). Different weight percentages of barium titanate (BTO)—10, 15, and 20 wt%,—along with 5 wt% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in a polar solvent solution containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) have been used to enhance the polar phase and a high piezoelectric coefficient in PVDF. The shear force of the nozzle in SE-DIW and an electric field of 4 kV in contact poling with 90 °C applied in the samples resulted in an enhancement of the polar phase. In addition, the PVDF/BTO/MWCNT composites shrink by about 10% while keeping their flexibility. By fabricating PVDF with 20-wt% BTO, the optimal piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 53.25 pC/N is obtained while maintaining flexibility with a young modulus of 4.87 MPa.

Graphical abstract