Silver nanocrystals with different shapes by a facile synthesized method using Equisetum hyemale aqueous extract

Silver nanostructures (AgNs) have been explored for various applications, including catalysis, biomedicine, drug delivery, and biosensing. This study synthesized AgNs such as nanoparticles, dendrites, and spheres using an Equisetum hyemale aqueous extract. The precursor salt (AgNO₃), the amount of aqueous extract used, and the reaction temperature were evaluated in the formation of the AgNs. The synthesized silver products were characterized using several techniques, including UV–Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are usually produced using low concentrations of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) and lesser amounts of plant extract. In contrast, silver spheres are formed when AgNO₃ is used at higher concentrations (8 mM). Silver dendrites are also produced at these elevated concentrations, with a temperature of 70 °C.