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<p>A systematic investigation of Zn substitution in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, Co₁₋ₓZnₓFe₂O₄ (x = 0.15–0.75), synthesized via a hydrothermal route, is presented. Structural analysis confirms phase purity and preserved spinel integrity across all compositions, with a monotonic increase in unit cell volume as Zn content rises. Magnetically, Zn incorporation progressively softens the material while enhancing saturation magnetization, making these nanoparticles attractive for biomedical applications such as magnetic hyperthermia. An empirical method for estimating the Curie temperature, based on extrapolation of low-temperature magnetization, shows excellent agreement with reported values. A scaling analysis further reveals a marked weakening of Co–Fe superexchange interactions above x ≈ 0.45.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Structural and magnetic properties of hydrothermally synthesized Zn-substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • D. Kavyasri,
  • K. Samatha,
  • Ch. Gopi,
  • R. Siva Madhulatha,
  • C. Ramesh,
  • G. Ravikumar,
  • A. Chandra Sekhar

摘要

A systematic investigation of Zn substitution in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, Co₁₋ₓZnₓFe₂O₄ (x = 0.15–0.75), synthesized via a hydrothermal route, is presented. Structural analysis confirms phase purity and preserved spinel integrity across all compositions, with a monotonic increase in unit cell volume as Zn content rises. Magnetically, Zn incorporation progressively softens the material while enhancing saturation magnetization, making these nanoparticles attractive for biomedical applications such as magnetic hyperthermia. An empirical method for estimating the Curie temperature, based on extrapolation of low-temperature magnetization, shows excellent agreement with reported values. A scaling analysis further reveals a marked weakening of Co–Fe superexchange interactions above x ≈ 0.45.

Graphical Abstract