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<p>This study reports the synthesis and characterization of activated carbon xerogel (ACX) derived from a tannin–formaldehyde system as a sustainable support for Pd-based electrocatalysts. Samples with and without Nb addition were evaluated for ethanol oxidation. ACX exhibited a high surface area (1725&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>/g), a high <i>I</i><sub>D</sub>/<i>I</i><sub>G</sub> ratio (4.81) indicative of its amorphous structure (XRD), diverse surface functionalities, and good thermal stability. Electrochemical analyses (cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, Tafel slopes) highlighted the influence of support properties and metal dispersion on catalytic activity. While Nb incorporation limited performance, the results demonstrate ACX’s promise and limitations as a renewable electrocatalyst support.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Sustainable carbon xerogel as a support for Pd-based electrocatalysts in ethanol oxidation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Mariany Ludgero-Santos,
  • Isaías de Oliveira,
  • Gisele Amaral-Labat,
  • Lourdes Bazán-Díaz,
  • Leandro Santos da Silva,
  • Ricardo A. G. da Silva,
  • Tuani C. Gentil,
  • Mauro C. dos Santos,
  • Sayuri Okamoto,
  • Maurício Ribeiro Baldan

摘要

This study reports the synthesis and characterization of activated carbon xerogel (ACX) derived from a tannin–formaldehyde system as a sustainable support for Pd-based electrocatalysts. Samples with and without Nb addition were evaluated for ethanol oxidation. ACX exhibited a high surface area (1725 m2/g), a high ID/IG ratio (4.81) indicative of its amorphous structure (XRD), diverse surface functionalities, and good thermal stability. Electrochemical analyses (cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, Tafel slopes) highlighted the influence of support properties and metal dispersion on catalytic activity. While Nb incorporation limited performance, the results demonstrate ACX’s promise and limitations as a renewable electrocatalyst support.

Graphical abstract