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<p>In this paper, printing orientation effects on the microstructure and fatigue behavior of SS316L produced <i>via</i> Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) were studied. Specimens printed in Z (vertical), XY (horizontal), and ZX (45°) orientations were subjected to cyclic loading in the range from ± 300 to ± 500&#xa0;MPa. EBSD analysis revealed that XY-oriented samples had superior fatigue resistance due to low-angle grain boundaries, while Z-oriented samples showed increased high-angle grain boundaries, leading to early crack initiation.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Printing orientation effects on microstructure in LPBF-manufactured SS316L subjected to fatigue

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月24日

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  • Mateusz Kopec,
  • Dominika Przygucka,
  • Marzena Pawlik,
  • Paul Wood,
  • Stanisław Jóźwiak,
  • Zbigniew L. Kowalewski

摘要

In this paper, printing orientation effects on the microstructure and fatigue behavior of SS316L produced via Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) were studied. Specimens printed in Z (vertical), XY (horizontal), and ZX (45°) orientations were subjected to cyclic loading in the range from ± 300 to ± 500 MPa. EBSD analysis revealed that XY-oriented samples had superior fatigue resistance due to low-angle grain boundaries, while Z-oriented samples showed increased high-angle grain boundaries, leading to early crack initiation.

Graphical abstract