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<p>Supercritical fluid (SCF) technologies have revolutionized nanosponge engineering, offering advanced techniques for the manufacture and application of nanosponges in drug delivery and other therapeutic areas. This review provides a comprehensive examination of recent developments in supercritical fluid (SCF) techniques, encompassing Supercritical Anti-Solvent (SAS) precipitation, Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions (RESS), Supercritical Fluid Precipitation (SFP), Supercritical Emulsion Extraction (SEE), and Supercritical Fluid-Assisted Spray Drying (SASD). Each technique is evaluated for its synthesis parameters, benefits, and recent advancements. The paper also examines the clinical applications of nanosponges generated by these technologies, emphasizing their roles in targeted drug delivery, prolonged release, and stimuli-responsive therapies. The review emphasizes the incorporation of SCF approaches with advanced technology, including functionalization for targeted distribution and imaging-guided therapy. This review highlights the significant influence of SCF technologies on nanosponge development, emphasizing their potential to improve therapeutic results in personalized medicine, cancer treatment, antimicrobial therapy, and regenerative medicine through a synthesis of recent research and clinical trials.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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State-of-the-art supercritical fluid techniques for nanosponge engineering: An in-depth review of advances and clinical impact

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月8日

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  • Karikalachsozhan Prakash Raj,
  • Seenivasan Raghuraman,
  • Govindaraj Sabarees,
  • Viswas Raja Solomon

摘要

Supercritical fluid (SCF) technologies have revolutionized nanosponge engineering, offering advanced techniques for the manufacture and application of nanosponges in drug delivery and other therapeutic areas. This review provides a comprehensive examination of recent developments in supercritical fluid (SCF) techniques, encompassing Supercritical Anti-Solvent (SAS) precipitation, Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions (RESS), Supercritical Fluid Precipitation (SFP), Supercritical Emulsion Extraction (SEE), and Supercritical Fluid-Assisted Spray Drying (SASD). Each technique is evaluated for its synthesis parameters, benefits, and recent advancements. The paper also examines the clinical applications of nanosponges generated by these technologies, emphasizing their roles in targeted drug delivery, prolonged release, and stimuli-responsive therapies. The review emphasizes the incorporation of SCF approaches with advanced technology, including functionalization for targeted distribution and imaging-guided therapy. This review highlights the significant influence of SCF technologies on nanosponge development, emphasizing their potential to improve therapeutic results in personalized medicine, cancer treatment, antimicrobial therapy, and regenerative medicine through a synthesis of recent research and clinical trials.

Graphical abstract