Temperature- and illumination-dependent recombination of the photoinduced charge carriers in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells

We present the analytic workflow to understand the temperature and illumination-intensity-dependent recombination of the photoinduced charge carriers in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells based on methylammonium lead iodide (CH₃NH₃PbI₃) thin films. The temperature-dependent, open-circuit voltage analysis reveals that the recombination of photoinduced charge carriers predominantly occurs at our PEDOT:PSS/CH₃NH₃PbI₃ interface as well as in the depletion region. Taking into account the structural phase transition in CH₃NH₃PbI₃ films, as confirmed using temperature-dependent x-ray diffraction spectra and dielectric constant measurements, the illumination-dependent short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage analysis shows both bimolecular and trap-assisted recombination is dominant in our solution-processed perovskite solar cells.