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<p>Multi-caloric effects in ferroelectric (FE) and ferromagnetic (FM) materials have been keenly pursued for solid-state refrigeration. This work reports&#xa0;calculations based on thermodynamic phenomenological Landau theory in perovskite FE/FE and FE/FM bilayers for effective electrocaloric (ECE) and magnetocaloric (MCE) effects. Extensive theoretical analyses were conducted for PbZrTiO<sub>3</sub>-PZT and LaSrMnO<sub>3</sub>-LSMO compositions, resulting&#xa0;in modified phase transition temperature, polarization, and magnetization by effective electric and magnetic fields manifested in electrostatic (FE/FE) and magnetoelectric coupling (FE/FM), yielding significant adiabatic temperature (ΔT<sub>E</sub>) and isothermal entropy (ΔS<sub>E</sub> and ΔS<sub>M</sub>) cooling metrics. Specifically, FE/FE and FE/FM bilayer combinations result in symmetry mismatch and magnetic ordering besides lattice mismatch, accompanied by lattice distortions and octahedral (TiO<sub>6</sub> and MnO<sub>6</sub>) rotations with subsequent broken inversion symmetry leading to asymmetric thermodynamic potentials devised for efficient cooling. Insights from calculations corroborated experiments, besides Landau formalism being effective for materials-by-design, useful either directly or combined with phase change materials for efficient thermal budgeting.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Tunable multicaloric effects in ferroelectric and ferromagnetic perovskite bilayers for solid-state cooling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Avadh Saxena,
  • Sanju Gupta

摘要

Multi-caloric effects in ferroelectric (FE) and ferromagnetic (FM) materials have been keenly pursued for solid-state refrigeration. This work reports calculations based on thermodynamic phenomenological Landau theory in perovskite FE/FE and FE/FM bilayers for effective electrocaloric (ECE) and magnetocaloric (MCE) effects. Extensive theoretical analyses were conducted for PbZrTiO3-PZT and LaSrMnO3-LSMO compositions, resulting in modified phase transition temperature, polarization, and magnetization by effective electric and magnetic fields manifested in electrostatic (FE/FE) and magnetoelectric coupling (FE/FM), yielding significant adiabatic temperature (ΔTE) and isothermal entropy (ΔSE and ΔSM) cooling metrics. Specifically, FE/FE and FE/FM bilayer combinations result in symmetry mismatch and magnetic ordering besides lattice mismatch, accompanied by lattice distortions and octahedral (TiO6 and MnO6) rotations with subsequent broken inversion symmetry leading to asymmetric thermodynamic potentials devised for efficient cooling. Insights from calculations corroborated experiments, besides Landau formalism being effective for materials-by-design, useful either directly or combined with phase change materials for efficient thermal budgeting.

Graphical abstract