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<p>Conventional nanomaterial synthesis often requires costly and hazardous methods. Here, we report a green and sustainable approach to fabricate zirconia nanoparticles loaded biochar composites (ZrO<sub>2</sub>NPs@BC) using Monoon longifolium bark extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed ZrO<sub>2</sub> formation with an absorption at 230&#xa0;nm and a band gap of 5.91&#xa0;eV, while Photo Luminescence spectra exhibited emissions at 370–515&#xa0;nm. The nanocomposite consisted of uniformly dispersed spherical nanoparticles (25–35&#xa0;nm) on biochar, with a surface area of 47.61 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>. Under solar irradiation, ZrO<sub>2</sub>NPs@BC degraded 98% of acetamiprid from water within 1.5&#xa0;h and retained ~ 90% efficiency over six reuse cycles. Moreover, it demonstrated significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. These results highlight ZrO<sub>2</sub>NPs@BC as a cost-effective, stable, and eco-friendly photocatalyst for pesticide remediation.</p> Graphical abstract <p>Photo catalytic degradation and bioactivity assessment of ZrO<sub>2</sub>NPs@BC</p> <p></p>

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Sustainable nano-zirconia functionalised biochar for biocompatible and environmental remediation applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月23日

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  • Durga Praveena Veera,
  • K Venkata Ratnam Kamma,
  • Anusha Krodi,
  • V. V. Rangarao Khandapu

摘要

Conventional nanomaterial synthesis often requires costly and hazardous methods. Here, we report a green and sustainable approach to fabricate zirconia nanoparticles loaded biochar composites (ZrO2NPs@BC) using Monoon longifolium bark extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed ZrO2 formation with an absorption at 230 nm and a band gap of 5.91 eV, while Photo Luminescence spectra exhibited emissions at 370–515 nm. The nanocomposite consisted of uniformly dispersed spherical nanoparticles (25–35 nm) on biochar, with a surface area of 47.61 m2 g−1. Under solar irradiation, ZrO2NPs@BC degraded 98% of acetamiprid from water within 1.5 h and retained ~ 90% efficiency over six reuse cycles. Moreover, it demonstrated significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. These results highlight ZrO2NPs@BC as a cost-effective, stable, and eco-friendly photocatalyst for pesticide remediation.

Graphical abstract

Photo catalytic degradation and bioactivity assessment of ZrO2NPs@BC