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<p>Troponin-I (cTnI) is a highly specific cardiac biomarker that enters the bloodstream following heart damage, making it essential for early heart attack detection. However, current detection methods lack sensitivity, selectivity, and require large blood volumes (5–7&#xa0;mL), limiting clinical practicality. This study presents a novel microchip-based biosensor for cTnI detection, requiring only 0.5–1&#xa0;mL of blood serum. The biosensor is portable, cost-effective, and designed for rapid analysis. A polymer imprinted with cTnI was prepared, and the microchip interface was functionalized for enhanced specificity. The system achieved a LOD of 0.23&#xa0;ng/mL, with a working range of 15.625–1000&#xa0;pg/mL, covering the clinically relevant threshold of 40&#xa0;pg/mL used for early Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) diagnosis. Preliminary clinical validation demonstrated 96.8% accuracy compared to commercial kits, confirming its reliability. With its rapid and minimally invasive detection capabilities, this biosensor offers a promising solution for early cardiac monitoring in both emergency and routine healthcare settings.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Cardiac biomarker troponin-I: Molecular imprinting and development of microchip biosensors for monitoring of troponin-I levels

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月27日

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  • Hunza Hayat,
  • Fazli Rabbi Awan,
  • Romana Schirhagl,
  • Muhammad H. Saeed,
  • Waheed S. Khan,
  • Sadia Z. Bajwa

摘要

Troponin-I (cTnI) is a highly specific cardiac biomarker that enters the bloodstream following heart damage, making it essential for early heart attack detection. However, current detection methods lack sensitivity, selectivity, and require large blood volumes (5–7 mL), limiting clinical practicality. This study presents a novel microchip-based biosensor for cTnI detection, requiring only 0.5–1 mL of blood serum. The biosensor is portable, cost-effective, and designed for rapid analysis. A polymer imprinted with cTnI was prepared, and the microchip interface was functionalized for enhanced specificity. The system achieved a LOD of 0.23 ng/mL, with a working range of 15.625–1000 pg/mL, covering the clinically relevant threshold of 40 pg/mL used for early Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) diagnosis. Preliminary clinical validation demonstrated 96.8% accuracy compared to commercial kits, confirming its reliability. With its rapid and minimally invasive detection capabilities, this biosensor offers a promising solution for early cardiac monitoring in both emergency and routine healthcare settings.

Graphical abstract