<p>Nowadays, chiral nanomaterials play a pivotal role in catalysis and medicinal chemistry because they can distinguish enantiomers, which are essential for producing chiral compounds. These nanomaterials significantly increase the yield of desired enantiomers through catalysis by functioning as highly effective and selective catalysts for asymmetric processes. This is essential in the pharmaceutical sector since a drug’s chirality can significantly impact its safety and therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, chiral nanomaterials have demonstrated significant promise in medicinal chemistry, particularly in imaging, diagnostics, and drug delivery. Based on the importance of these materials, this review has been designed to explore the chemistry of various chiral nanomaterials and their potential applications. This article highlights the chemistry of 37 chiral nanomaterials through a thorough investigation. Also, it provides insights into the potential of chiral nanomaterials for future research and applications while highlighting their importance in improving catalytic processes and promoting medication development.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>