Exploring the antimicrobial and anticancer activities of zinc doped nanohydroxyapatite prepared via ultrasonic-assisted method for bone tissue engineering

The main purpose is to investigate the antimicrobial, biocompatibility properties, and anticancer activities of the nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) and Zn-doped nanohydroxyapatite prepared at different calcination temperatures. We utilized the wet precipitation method with the aid of ultrasonic waves. The impact of both the calcination temperature and Ca/Zn substitution assessed with spectroscopic techniques. The TEM images showed that nHA particles described by particles with a rod-like form transformed to a spherical shape with the Ca/Zn substitution. The antimicrobial features of the nHA samples suggested that higher concentrations of nHA exhibit stronger antimicrobial effects against the tested pathogens. Regarding in vitro cytotoxicity, assessments involving both human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells and human normal immortalized skin fibroblasts (BJ-1) cells indicate that the 20% Ca/Zn nHA sample exhibited the highest cell viability for BJ-1 cells, reaching 100%. Conversely, the nHA sample with a 10% Ca/Zn ratio induced the most pronounced cytotoxic effect in HOS cells.