Microstructural, mechanical and biocompatibility investigation of metal–polymer-doped hydroxyapatite

The present work describes about doping of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in hydroxyapatite (HAp) along with magnesium (Mg²⁺) and zinc (Zn²⁺) ions. The incorporation of the dopants into the HAp matrix has been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. Corrosion resistance, impedance, size and volume of the pores, thrombogenicity and hardness were also investigated. Its potential for better biomedical applications is highlighted by changes in surface shape, increased crystallite size, improved hardness, decreased clotting tendency, decreased corrosion and modified electrical characteristics. These results imply that, in comparison with pure HAp, the synthesized composite material possesses better physical, mechanical, electrical and biological characteristics. These changes may have a major effect on biomedical applications, in particular when it relates to developing superior biomaterials for hard tissue implants.