The green synthesis of biocompatible nanocomposites and its application for the on-target delivery of the anticancer drugs

The main obstacle in the treatment of cancer is the non-selectivity of chemotherapy between infected and healthy cells. The purpose of the study was to develop on target drug delivery system for the Rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD cells). The co-precipitation method was employed for the synthesis of Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFNPs) and Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coated CFNPs. The cytotoxicity of these nanomaterials was tested against the RD cell lines. The photosensitizer was used as an initiator of photodamage on RD cell lines. The cellular uptake of 5-Aminolaevulinic Acid (ALA) was maximum after 5 h of in vitro incubation. The PVA/CFNPs loaded with ALA (250 nM) and a laser dose of 55 J/cm², showed 52% cell viability, while PVA/CFNPs loaded with both ALA and Dacarbazine (DTIC) followed by a laser dose showed 35% cell viability. This confirms the plausibility of DTIC-loaded CFNPs as a drug delivery agent for cancer drugs.