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<p>The use of modern digital technologies in professional soccer such as wearables like GPS trackers and heart rate monitors as well as video cameras combined with AI-supported software tools for data analysis (so-called sports analytics systems) can contribute to enhancing player performance and offers additional advantages for coaches, clubs, and other stakeholders such as the media (e.g., improved data basis for decision-making, increased profitability, and greater transparency). However, the players’ perspective is often neglected when examining the impact of technology use. This study analyzes the effects of digital surveillance technologies on athletes in professional soccer. Specifically, it investigates players’ performance, emotions, motivation, and stress as well as issues of data ethics. The data basis consists of 176 articles published on soccer platforms (including reports from soccer magazines and sports journals) in the past two decades, which were examined using content analysis. A&#xa0;total of 285 text passages relating to the five factors mentioned above were identified in these articles. The results show that in 91% of the 82&#xa0;coded statements on performance, the use of technology has a&#xa0;performance-enhancing effect, yet 47% of the 60&#xa0;coded statements regarding emotions report negative feelings. With regard to motivation, 75% of the 71&#xa0;coded statements indicate a&#xa0;restricted sense of self-determination, and accordingly, a&#xa0;limitation of perceived autonomy. The data on stress is highly limited (only five coded statements in total); however, the few available statements suggest that perceived surveillance and performance pressure can represent significant stressors for athletes. Furthermore, many statements were identified concerning data ethics (a&#xa0;total of 67&#xa0;statements), which particularly highlight problematic aspects regarding privacy protection and the rights of athletes (64%). Overall, the findings reported here illustrate the considerable potential of digital technologies to improve player performance, but at the same time point to the need for a&#xa0;critical examination of possible negative psychological consequences as well as ethical and data protection issues.</p>

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Sports-Analytics-Systeme im Profifußball: Eine sekundärdatenbasierte Untersuchung der Auswirkungen von Systemen auf die Athleten

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • René Riedl,
  • Simon Fritz,
  • Anita Vogl

摘要

The use of modern digital technologies in professional soccer such as wearables like GPS trackers and heart rate monitors as well as video cameras combined with AI-supported software tools for data analysis (so-called sports analytics systems) can contribute to enhancing player performance and offers additional advantages for coaches, clubs, and other stakeholders such as the media (e.g., improved data basis for decision-making, increased profitability, and greater transparency). However, the players’ perspective is often neglected when examining the impact of technology use. This study analyzes the effects of digital surveillance technologies on athletes in professional soccer. Specifically, it investigates players’ performance, emotions, motivation, and stress as well as issues of data ethics. The data basis consists of 176 articles published on soccer platforms (including reports from soccer magazines and sports journals) in the past two decades, which were examined using content analysis. A total of 285 text passages relating to the five factors mentioned above were identified in these articles. The results show that in 91% of the 82 coded statements on performance, the use of technology has a performance-enhancing effect, yet 47% of the 60 coded statements regarding emotions report negative feelings. With regard to motivation, 75% of the 71 coded statements indicate a restricted sense of self-determination, and accordingly, a limitation of perceived autonomy. The data on stress is highly limited (only five coded statements in total); however, the few available statements suggest that perceived surveillance and performance pressure can represent significant stressors for athletes. Furthermore, many statements were identified concerning data ethics (a total of 67 statements), which particularly highlight problematic aspects regarding privacy protection and the rights of athletes (64%). Overall, the findings reported here illustrate the considerable potential of digital technologies to improve player performance, but at the same time point to the need for a critical examination of possible negative psychological consequences as well as ethical and data protection issues.