Vergleich der Umsetzungsoptionen für Steuersysteme im Verbund im Energiesektor: Sicherheitsanforderungen, Effizienz und Wirksamkeit auf zentraler und dezentraler Ebene

The constant change from an energy supply based on fossil fuels to a supply based on renewable energies serves, among other things, the goal of reducing carbon dioxide emissions. In addition to the reduction of carbon dioxide, this change leads to a need for action in the electricity grid, as the substitution of controllable generators by supply-dependent generators means that load and generation can no longer be balanced as before. One possible approach to solving this problem, even before grid expansion, is the design of a smart grid, which can be achieved through control systems based on various grid and environmental parameters.

This thesis examines various centralised and decentralised concepts for data storage in smart grid control systems as well as data processing, whereby the aspects of local and cloud-based processing are considered here. Relational databases, blockchain and NoSQL databases are considered for data storage. After a comparison of the various concepts based on the parameters of data security, consistency, scalability, costs, latency, availability and complexity as well as a comparison with the requirements of a previously defined use case, an assessment is made as to which concept best meets the requirements. The article concludes with an outlook and a recommendation for action. A detailed analysis for data processing will be published in a future paper.