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Background <p>Reliable biomarkers for prognostication and recurrence surveillance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain limited. The authors therefore investigated the potential clinical utility of exosomal DNA, which has emerged as a promising component of liquid biopsy.</p> Methods <p>This study screened 54 patients with ESCC. After exclusions, 210 blood samples from 21 patients underwent mutation-specific droplet digital polymerase chain reaction assays of plasma exosomal DNA (exoDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) before and after treatment. Kaplan–Meier and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to examine associations with overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and recurrence.</p> Results <p>Pretreatment exoDNA positivity was significantly associated with shorter DSS (<i>p</i> = 0.035) and shorter RFS (<i>p</i> = 0.048). Post-treatment exoDNA positivity was significantly associated with shorter OS (<i>p</i> = 0.0008), DSS (<i>p</i> = 0.0001), and RFS (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). Post-treatment ctDNA positivity was associated with shorter DSS (<i>p</i> = 0.038).</p> Conclusions <p>In ESCC, exoDNA demonstrated prognostic and predictive value, supporting its potential role as a complementary biomarker for postoperative surveillance.</p>

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Prognostic Value of Circulating Exosomal DNA in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Prospective Cohort Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月11日

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  • Tomoki Nakai,
  • Yuji Kitahata,
  • Hayato Hiraki,
  • Yuki Nakamura,
  • Hideki Motobayashi,
  • Norio Takemoto,
  • Takahiko Hyo,
  • Masatoshi Sato,
  • Toshiyasu Ojima,
  • Keiji Hayata,
  • Taro Goda,
  • Junya Kitadani,
  • Shinta Tominaga,
  • Shinya Hayami,
  • Atsushi Miyamoto,
  • Hiroki Yamaue,
  • Takeshi Iwaya,
  • Satoshi Nishizuka,
  • Manabu Kawai

摘要

Background

Reliable biomarkers for prognostication and recurrence surveillance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain limited. The authors therefore investigated the potential clinical utility of exosomal DNA, which has emerged as a promising component of liquid biopsy.

Methods

This study screened 54 patients with ESCC. After exclusions, 210 blood samples from 21 patients underwent mutation-specific droplet digital polymerase chain reaction assays of plasma exosomal DNA (exoDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) before and after treatment. Kaplan–Meier and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to examine associations with overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and recurrence.

Results

Pretreatment exoDNA positivity was significantly associated with shorter DSS (p = 0.035) and shorter RFS (p = 0.048). Post-treatment exoDNA positivity was significantly associated with shorter OS (p = 0.0008), DSS (p = 0.0001), and RFS (p = 0.0001). Post-treatment ctDNA positivity was associated with shorter DSS (p = 0.038).

Conclusions

In ESCC, exoDNA demonstrated prognostic and predictive value, supporting its potential role as a complementary biomarker for postoperative surveillance.