Failure to Rescue After Resection of Perhilar Cholangiocarcinoma in an International Multicenter Cohort

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2024年10月15日

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Pim B. Olthof,
Stefan A. W. Bouwense,
Jan Bednarsch,
Maxime Dewulf,
Geert Kazemier,
Shishir Maithel,
William R. Jarnagin,
Luca Aldrighetti,
Keith J. Roberts,
Roberto I. Troisi,
Massimo M. Malago,
Hauke Lang,
Ruslan Alikhanov,
Andrea Ruzzenente,
Hassan Malik,
Ramón Charco,
Ernesto Sparrelid,
Johann Pratschke,
Matteo Cescon,
Silvio Nadalin,
Jeroen Hagendoorn,
Erik Schadde,
Frederik J. H. Hoogwater,
Andreas A. Schnitzbauer,
Baki Topal,
Peter Lodge,
Steven W. M. Olde Damink,
Ulf P. Neumann,
Bas Groot Koerkamp,
F. Bartlett Dm Bartsch,
W. O. Bechstein,
J. Bednarsch,
C. Benzing,
M. T. de Boer,
S. Buettner,
I. Capobianco,
M. I. D’Angelica,
P. de Reuver,
E. de Savornin Lohman,
C. Dopazo,
M. Efanov,
J. I. Erdmann,
L. C. Franken,
J. Geers,
M. C. Giglio,
S. Gilg,
C. Gomez-Gavara,
A. Guglielmi,
T. M. van Gulik,
A. Hakeem,
J. Heil,
H. Jansson,
T. P. Kingham,
S. K Maithel,
R. Margies,
R. Marino,
Q. I. Molenaar,
T. A. Nguyen,
L. E. Nooijen,
C. L. M. Nota,
E. Poletto,
R. J. Porte,
R. Prasad,
L. M. Quinn,
F. Ratti,
M. Ravaioli,
J. Rolinger,
M. Schmelzle,
M. Serenari,
A. Sultana,
R. Sutcliff,
H. Topal,
S. van Laarhoven,
B. M. Zonderhuis

摘要

Background

Failure to rescue (FTR) is defined as the inability to prevent death after the development of a complication. FTR is a parameter in evaluating multidisciplinary postoperative complication management. The aim of this study was to evaluate FTR rates after major liver resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) and analyze factors associated with FTR.

Patients and Method

Patients who underwent major liver resection for pCCA at 27 centers were included. FTR was defined as the presence of a Dindo grade III or higher complication followed by death within 90 days after surgery. Liver failure ISGLS grade B/C were scored. Multivariable logistic analysis was performed to identify predictors of FTR and reported using odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals.

Results

In the 2186 included patients, major morbidity rate was 49%, 90-day mortality rate 13%, and FTR occurred in 24% of patients with a grade III or higher complication. Across centers, major complication rate varied from 19 to 87%, 90-day mortality rate from 5 to 33%, and FTR ranged from 11 to 50% across hospitals. Age [1.04 (1.02–1.05) years], ASA 3 or 4 [1.40 (1.01–1.95)], jaundice at presentation [1.79 (1.16–2.76)], right-sided resection [1.45 (1.06–1.98)], and annual hospital volume < 6 [1.44 (1.07–1.94)] were positively associated with FTR. When liver failure is included, the odds ratio for FTR is 9.58 (6.76–13.68).

Conclusion

FTR occurred in 24% of patients after resection for pCCA. Liver failure was associated with a nine-fold increase of FTR and hospital volume below six was also associated with an increased risk of FTR.