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<p>Polymer-drug conjugates (PDCs) represent a remarkable advancement in modern medicine, leveraging the physicochemical properties of polymers to enhance the efficacy and safety of therapeutic agents. This comprehensive review explores the historical evolution, selection criteria, design, and synthesis of PDC, highlighting their transformative impact on drug delivery. The Introduction of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers has been a game-changer, allowing seamless integration with biological systems. We delve into the various polymer selection criteria, focusing on commonly used polymers such as Polyethylene glycol (PEG), Poly Lactic Glycolic Acid (PLGA), and chitosan, and the importance of biocompatibility and biodegradability. The design and synthesis of PDC involve sophisticated chemical and physical conjugation methods, emphasising cleavable and non-cleavable linkers and targeting moieties. We explore the drug-release mechanisms critical for achieving targeted and controlled drug delivery, including pH-sensitive, enzyme-triggered, and redox-sensitive mechanisms. The advantages of PDCs, including improved pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, enhanced targeted delivery, and reduced toxicity, are discussed in detail. Despite their numerous benefits, PDC face challenges, such as stability issues, manufacturing scalability, and immunogenicity. This review addresses these limitations and suggests potential solutions. We also highlight recent advances and innovations in the field, including stimuli-responsive systems, nano PDC, and emerging trends in precision medicine. The applications of PDCs extend beyond cancer therapy, including antimicrobial drug delivery and treatments for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Regulatory and commercial aspects are examined, with a focus on FDA-approved PDCs, challenges in clinical translation, and market trends. Future directions for PDCs include integrating Artificial intelligence into conjugate design, developing hybrid systems with other drug-delivery technologies, and advancing sustainable synthesis approaches.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Polymer Drug Conjugate: A Revolution in Drug Delivery

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Chandan Kumar Singh,
  • Pran Kishore Deb

摘要

Polymer-drug conjugates (PDCs) represent a remarkable advancement in modern medicine, leveraging the physicochemical properties of polymers to enhance the efficacy and safety of therapeutic agents. This comprehensive review explores the historical evolution, selection criteria, design, and synthesis of PDC, highlighting their transformative impact on drug delivery. The Introduction of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers has been a game-changer, allowing seamless integration with biological systems. We delve into the various polymer selection criteria, focusing on commonly used polymers such as Polyethylene glycol (PEG), Poly Lactic Glycolic Acid (PLGA), and chitosan, and the importance of biocompatibility and biodegradability. The design and synthesis of PDC involve sophisticated chemical and physical conjugation methods, emphasising cleavable and non-cleavable linkers and targeting moieties. We explore the drug-release mechanisms critical for achieving targeted and controlled drug delivery, including pH-sensitive, enzyme-triggered, and redox-sensitive mechanisms. The advantages of PDCs, including improved pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, enhanced targeted delivery, and reduced toxicity, are discussed in detail. Despite their numerous benefits, PDC face challenges, such as stability issues, manufacturing scalability, and immunogenicity. This review addresses these limitations and suggests potential solutions. We also highlight recent advances and innovations in the field, including stimuli-responsive systems, nano PDC, and emerging trends in precision medicine. The applications of PDCs extend beyond cancer therapy, including antimicrobial drug delivery and treatments for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Regulatory and commercial aspects are examined, with a focus on FDA-approved PDCs, challenges in clinical translation, and market trends. Future directions for PDCs include integrating Artificial intelligence into conjugate design, developing hybrid systems with other drug-delivery technologies, and advancing sustainable synthesis approaches.

Graphical Abstract