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<p>Omega-3 (Ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential nutrients with cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory benefits. This study evaluated the impact of flaxseed (FS), chia seed (CS), and fish oil (FO) enrichment on performance and egg quality in Leghorn layers. Nine experimental diets were administered over eight weeks. Feed intake varied significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), with higher consumption in CS diets (15 g, 30 g) and lower intake in FS diets (10 g, 20 g). By weeks 6 and 8, FO diets (1 mL) showed distinct trends. Body weight increased across all groups, with control (T<sub>0</sub>) differing significantly from enriched treatments. FS supplementation notably improved egg weight, while egg production rose steadily without adverse effects. Most egg quality traits were unaffected, except yolk color, which improved by week 8. Overall, FS, CS, and FO are promising feed additives to enhance egg quality and layer performance, supporting the production of functional eggs aligned with consumer and public health goals without compromising productivity.</p>

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Dietary enrichment of Leghorn layers with flaxseed, chia seed, and fish oil: effects on performance patterns and egg quality characteristics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月8日

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  • Amna Javed,
  • Muhammad Saad Hashmi,
  • Muhammad Imran,
  • Rahima Amjad,
  • Uzma Javaid

摘要

Omega-3 (Ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential nutrients with cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory benefits. This study evaluated the impact of flaxseed (FS), chia seed (CS), and fish oil (FO) enrichment on performance and egg quality in Leghorn layers. Nine experimental diets were administered over eight weeks. Feed intake varied significantly (p < 0.05), with higher consumption in CS diets (15 g, 30 g) and lower intake in FS diets (10 g, 20 g). By weeks 6 and 8, FO diets (1 mL) showed distinct trends. Body weight increased across all groups, with control (T0) differing significantly from enriched treatments. FS supplementation notably improved egg weight, while egg production rose steadily without adverse effects. Most egg quality traits were unaffected, except yolk color, which improved by week 8. Overall, FS, CS, and FO are promising feed additives to enhance egg quality and layer performance, supporting the production of functional eggs aligned with consumer and public health goals without compromising productivity.