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<p>Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young calves, resulting in significant economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. The current experiment aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of twenty-two calves-origin lactic acid bacterial (LAB) probiotic strains comprising various species (<i>Ligilactobacillus salivarius</i>, <i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecalis)</i> against five enteric pathogens: <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC 25922, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC 25923, <i>Salmonella typhi</i> ATCC 14028<i>, Salmonella arizonae</i> ATCC 13314, and <i>Bacillus cereus</i> ATCC 14569. Antimicrobial efficacy was assessed using the agar spot and well diffusion methods. Subsequently, clustering analysis was employed to group strains based on their inhibitory profiles, with the aim of identifying synergistic combinations for the development of a multi-strain probiotic adjunct. The results indicated that different probiotic strains varied in their potential to inhibit the growth of enteric pathogens. Among the 22 strains tested, <i>Ligilactobacillus salivarius</i> RBL68, <i>L. salivarius</i> RBL62, <i>L. salivarius</i> RBL12, and <i>L. salivarius</i> RBL68 displayed the strongest antimicrobial activity against the selected pathogens. Using Euclidean distance and average linkage clustering, four distinct groups were identified. Group D, comprising 14 LAB strains, exhibited the most potent antimicrobial activity against all tested pathogens. Group C strains also showed significant inhibitory effects against all pathogens, although to a lesser extent than those in Group D. Group B strains displayed selective antimicrobial activity, mainly targeting <i>S. typhi</i> and <i>E. coli</i>, while the single strain in Group A (<i>L. reuteri</i> E7) was effective only against <i>E. coli</i>. In nutshells, these calves-derived bacterial strains may be used for development of multi-strain probiotic adjunct aimed at preventing NCD. However, further in vivo research is needed to assess their efficacy and potential as supportive treatments for gastrointestinal disorders in young dairy calves</p>

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Calf-derived lactic acid bacteria as antimicrobial agents against enteric pathogens: a clustering approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Sachin Kumar,
  • Nutan Chauhan,
  • Tejshi Chauhan,
  • Nitin Tyagi,
  • Mohammad Rizwan,
  • Ashis Kumar Samanta

摘要

Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young calves, resulting in significant economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. The current experiment aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of twenty-two calves-origin lactic acid bacterial (LAB) probiotic strains comprising various species (Ligilactobacillus salivarius, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, and Enterococcus faecalis) against five enteric pathogens: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028, Salmonella arizonae ATCC 13314, and Bacillus cereus ATCC 14569. Antimicrobial efficacy was assessed using the agar spot and well diffusion methods. Subsequently, clustering analysis was employed to group strains based on their inhibitory profiles, with the aim of identifying synergistic combinations for the development of a multi-strain probiotic adjunct. The results indicated that different probiotic strains varied in their potential to inhibit the growth of enteric pathogens. Among the 22 strains tested, Ligilactobacillus salivarius RBL68, L. salivarius RBL62, L. salivarius RBL12, and L. salivarius RBL68 displayed the strongest antimicrobial activity against the selected pathogens. Using Euclidean distance and average linkage clustering, four distinct groups were identified. Group D, comprising 14 LAB strains, exhibited the most potent antimicrobial activity against all tested pathogens. Group C strains also showed significant inhibitory effects against all pathogens, although to a lesser extent than those in Group D. Group B strains displayed selective antimicrobial activity, mainly targeting S. typhi and E. coli, while the single strain in Group A (L. reuteri E7) was effective only against E. coli. In nutshells, these calves-derived bacterial strains may be used for development of multi-strain probiotic adjunct aimed at preventing NCD. However, further in vivo research is needed to assess their efficacy and potential as supportive treatments for gastrointestinal disorders in young dairy calves