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Background <p>Bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma (BOSCC) is a common epithelial tumor in Hereford cattle, particularly affecting those with non-pigmented ocular areas. Given its genetic susceptibility, this exploratory study aimed to identify genes and pathways involved in BOSCC development.</p> Methods <p>Ocular tumor samples from five purebreed Hereford cattle and control samples from three healthy animals were obtained. Histopathological analyses and whole transcriptome sequencing were performed. Altered pathways were analyzed with Gene Ontology and KEGG.</p> Results <p>Histopathological analysis confirmed BOSCC characteristics like keratin pearls, lymphocytic infiltration, and increased mitosis and vascularization. Transcriptome sequencing identified 836 underexpressed and 845 overexpressed genes in tumor tissue compared to healthy controls. Key overexpressed genes included <i>TRPV3, KRT6A, KLK6, MMP13, PROKR2, IL31RA, DHRS9,</i> and <i>MMP9</i>, all linked to keratinocyte proliferation, tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Underexpressed genes such as <i>GPHA2, TNN, EMILIN3, BGLAP, TGFB1, MATN4, CHAD,</i> and <i>CLEC3A</i> are involved in maintaining limbal stem cells, cell adhesion, and tumor suppression.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings provide important insights into the genetic underpinnings of BOSCC, revealing immune response alterations, transcriptional misregulation in cancer, and viral protein interactions that align with tumor development. These preliminary results can guide future genomic studies, aiding in the development of selective breeding programs designed to decrease disease susceptibility in Hereford cattle.</p>

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Transcriptome analysis of bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma (BOSCC) in Hereford cattle

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月1日

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  • Nariné Balemian,
  • Graciela Pedrana,
  • Tamara Fernández-Calero,
  • Oscar Irabuena,
  • Eileen Armstrong

摘要

Background

Bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma (BOSCC) is a common epithelial tumor in Hereford cattle, particularly affecting those with non-pigmented ocular areas. Given its genetic susceptibility, this exploratory study aimed to identify genes and pathways involved in BOSCC development.

Methods

Ocular tumor samples from five purebreed Hereford cattle and control samples from three healthy animals were obtained. Histopathological analyses and whole transcriptome sequencing were performed. Altered pathways were analyzed with Gene Ontology and KEGG.

Results

Histopathological analysis confirmed BOSCC characteristics like keratin pearls, lymphocytic infiltration, and increased mitosis and vascularization. Transcriptome sequencing identified 836 underexpressed and 845 overexpressed genes in tumor tissue compared to healthy controls. Key overexpressed genes included TRPV3, KRT6A, KLK6, MMP13, PROKR2, IL31RA, DHRS9, and MMP9, all linked to keratinocyte proliferation, tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Underexpressed genes such as GPHA2, TNN, EMILIN3, BGLAP, TGFB1, MATN4, CHAD, and CLEC3A are involved in maintaining limbal stem cells, cell adhesion, and tumor suppression.

Conclusions

These findings provide important insights into the genetic underpinnings of BOSCC, revealing immune response alterations, transcriptional misregulation in cancer, and viral protein interactions that align with tumor development. These preliminary results can guide future genomic studies, aiding in the development of selective breeding programs designed to decrease disease susceptibility in Hereford cattle.