Objectives <p>Thyroid carcinoma is an uncommon tumour in cats. The aims of this study were to describe the clinical presentation, response to treatment and outcome in a cohort of cats with thyroid carcinoma.</p> Methods <p>This single-institute retrospective study reviewed medical records of cats histologically diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma between 2006 and 2023. Signalment, diagnostic tests, histopathological characteristics, treatment, and survival were evaluated.</p> Results <p>Twenty-five cats were included. The most common presenting clinical signs were a palpable cervical mass, and weight loss. Nineteen cats (76%) received medical treatment for hyperthyroidism at the time of thyroid carcinoma diagnosis, with 14 (74%) demonstrating persistently elevated total thyroxine levels. Twenty-three cats (92%) underwent curative-intent treatment including: thyroidectomy (<i>n</i> = 13), thyroidectomy followed by high-dose radioiodine (HD-RAI) (<i>n</i> = 9) and HD-RAI as single modality (<i>n</i> = 1). Hyperthyroidism resolved in 17 out of 22 cats (77%) after treatment. Follicular carcinoma was the most common histopathologic subtype (<i>n</i> = 10) followed by papillary (<i>n</i> = 2). Metastasis was present in 12 cats (48%); confirmed in 10 cats either by cytology or histopathology and suspected in two cats based on scintigraphy. Median tumour-specific survival for cats receiving curative-intent treatment was not reached, and when all-cause mortality was considered, median overall survival time was 795&#xa0;days (95% CI 503 – 1086). No variable was associated with survival in cats receiving curative-intent treatment.</p> Conclusions <p>Cats diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma can experience prolonged survivals and normalisation of thyroxine levels when receiving curative-intent treatment. Metastatic rate was moderate but did not impact outcome.</p>