<p>The impact loading behavior of structural members, particularly steel hollow section columns, is crucial for ensuring structural integrity under unforeseen loads from vehicle collisions, bomb blasts, and accidental impacts. Previous work has focused largely on composite-filled tubes and traditional H-section columns, but has conducted limited examinations of the dynamic impact behavior of hollow steel columns. Specifically, there has not been any systematic study examining hollow steel columns with different cross-sectional geometries, impact energies, boundary conditions, and ratios of axial load. This study attempts to fill the knowledge gap by conducting a finite element study to assess the impact load behavior of steel hollow columns with square, circular, and elliptical cross-sections by using Abaqus/Explicit to simulate dynamic impact loading scenarios. The investigation analyzes the effects of hammer masses, boundary conditions including fixed-fixed, pinned-fixed, and pinned-pinned, and axial load ratios to a maximum of 0.2 on the impact resistance and failure modes of the columns. The validated numerical model can predict good deformation modes and energy absorption capacity, and loading displacement response with reference to existing experimental data. Square hollow sections demonstrated up to 159% higher strength and reduced displacement compared to circular sections under identical impact and axial loading conditions. Increasing hammer mass led to a 30% rise in deformation, while fixed-fixed boundaries enhanced strength by up to 36% relative to pinned-pinned supports.</p>